Everything You Need to Know About Getting a Finnish Driving Licence
If you’re planning to live, work, or study in Finland, a valid driving licence is essential for getting around the country’s tidy cities, rugged countryside, and icy winter roads. The Finnish system may feel a little different from what you’re used to, but with the right information you can navigate it smoothly. Below you’ll find a step‑by‑step guide, handy tables, useful checklists, and answers to the most common questions – all written with you in mind.
1. Types of Finnish Driving Licences
Finland follows the EU classification system, which groups licences by vehicle class and the driver’s age. The most common licences for everyday road users are:
| Class | Vehicle(s) Covered | Minimum Age | Typical Use | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | Motorcycles (any engine size) | 18 (A1) – 24 (A) | Two‑wheelers | A1 = up to 125 cc, A = unrestricted |
| B | Cars, light vans, motorhomes (max 3 500 kg) | 18 | Passenger cars & small commercial vehicles | Allows a trailer up to 750 kg (or heavier if combined weight ≤ 3 500 kg) |
| C | Large trucks (over 3 500 kg) | 21 (C1) – 18 (C) | Heavy goods vehicles | C1 = up to 7 500 kg, C = unlimited |
| D | Buses (over 8 passengers) | 24 (D1) – 21 (D) | Public transport, tour buses | D1 = up to 16 passenger seats |
| T | Tractors & agricultural machines | 16 | Farming & forestry work | Not valid on public roads without a B licence |
| AM | Mopeds (max 50 cc) | 15 | Short‑range urban travel | Often combined with a B licence later |
Quick tip: If you already hold an EU licence, you can exchange it for a Finnish one without taking the theory or practical exams (provided it’s still valid).
2. The Road to a Finnish B‑Licence (Cars)
Most newcomers start with a Class B licence. Here’s a concise checklist to keep you on track.
📋 Checklist: Getting Your First Finnish Car Licence
| Step | What You Need to Do | Documents / Fees |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Residency proof | Register at the local Digital and Population Data Services Agency (DVV). | Finnish ID card or passport + registration certificate (≈ €5) |
| 2. Health check | Pass a medical examination (vision, hearing, overall health). | Certificate from a doctor or occupational health service |
| 3. Theory study | Study the Traficom traffic rules handbook (available online in Finnish, Swedish, English). | Free or optional paid e‑learning courses |
| 4. Theory test | Book an appointment at a Traficom test centre. | €30–€40 (online pre‑booking recommended) |
| 5. Driving lessons | Minimum 18 hours with a certified instructor (optional but recommended). | €40–€65 per hour |
| 6. Practical test | Schedule a road‑test after passing the theory exam. | €30–€45 |
| 7. Licence issuance | Receive a temporary paper licence; the plastic card arrives by mail (≈ 2 weeks). | Included in test fees |
You don’t have to take a mandatory driving‑school course, but most applicants find it indispensable for passing the practical test, especially on icy surfaces.
3. How the Theory Exam Works
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Format | 40 multiple‑choice questions (mixed Finnish/Swedish/English). |
| Passing score | 80 % (32 correct answers). |
| Time limit | 45 minutes. |
| Languages | Finnish, Swedish, English, plus several other EU languages on request. |
| Retake policy | You may re‑attempt after 7 days; each attempt costs the same fee. |
Study tip: Use the official Traficom mobile app – it offers practice questions that mimic the real test, complete with instant feedback.
4. Practical Test – What to Expect
The practical test lasts about 30 minutes and is conducted by a Traficom examiner. You’ll be evaluated on:
- Vehicle control – smooth acceleration, braking, and steering.
- Maneuvers – parallel parking, hill start, and emergency stop.
- Observation – proper mirror checks, blind‑spot checks, and signalling.
- Road‑law compliance – speed limits, right‑of‑way, and yielding to pedestrians.
You’ll drive a vehicle you’re familiar with; many schools provide a test‑ready car, but you can also bring your own (it must have valid inspection and insurance).
5. Special Considerations for Foreign Drivers
| Situation | What You Must Do |
|---|---|
| Holding a non‑EU licence | You can drive on a valid foreign licence for the first 12 months after registering your residence. After that, you must pass the Finnish theory and practical tests. |
| International Driving Permit (IDP) | Acceptable only together with your original licence and for a maximum of 12 months. |
| Driving on a scooter (Class A1) | Minimum age 18, plus a separate theory test for motorcycles. |
| Blind‑spot training | Recommended for all drivers, especially in Finland’s snowy conditions where visibility is reduced. |
6. Costs Overview (2025)
| Item | Approximate Price (EUR) |
|---|---|
| Residency registration | 5 |
| Medical certificate | 20–40 |
| Theory test | 35 |
| Practical test | 40 |
| Driving lessons (18 h) | 720–1 170 |
| Licence card (plastic) | Included |
| Total (minimum, no lessons) | ≈ 100 EUR |
| Total (average with lessons) | ≈ 900 EUR |
Prices fluctuate slightly by region and service provider.
7. Frequently Asked Questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Can I exchange my US licence for a Finnish one? | No. The US is not part of the EU/EEA exchange agreement, so you’ll need to pass both the theory and practical exams. |
| Do I need a separate licence for a trailer? | A B licence covers a trailer up to 750 kg or a heavier trailer if the combined vehicle‑trailer weight does not exceed 3 500 kg. For larger trailers you’ll need a B+E endorsement, which requires an extra practical test. |
| What if I fail the practical test? | You can retake it after a 7‑day waiting period. The fee is the same as the first attempt. Consider additional lessons to improve your skills. |
| Is there a penalty for driving without a licence after the 12‑month grace period? | Yes – fines start at €200 and can lead to a temporary driving ban. |
| Do I have to renew my licence? | Finnish licences are valid for 10 years (or until age 70, after which they must be renewed every five years). Renewal is done through the Traficom website. |
| Can I take the theory test in English? | Absolutely. English is one of the three official languages for the test. |
8. Quick‑Reference Checklist (Print‑Friendly)
- Register your address at the DVV office.
- Obtain a medical certificate.
- Study the traffic rules handbook (or use the Traficom app).
- Book and pass the theory exam.
- Complete at least 12‑18 hours of driving lessons.
- Schedule and pass the practical road test.
- Collect your temporary licence; await the plastic card.
- Keep your licence valid – renew every 10 years (or 5 years after age 70).
Final Thoughts
Getting a Finnish driving licence may seem like a long road, but breaking it down into clear steps makes the process manageable. By preparing thoroughly for the theory, practising under a qualified instructor, and respecting Finland’s unique road conditions (especially the winter months), you’ll be cruising the Finnish highways in no time.
Remember: safety is the cornerstone of Finnish traffic culture, and the licence you earn is not just a piece of plastic – it’s a commitment to keep yourself and others safe on the road. Good luck, and enjoy the ride!